Licensing of creative content like cinematographic films or sound recording through digital platforms forms an integral part of the entertainment business. This post is in continuation of our previous post about the structure of a Digital Licensing Agreement. In addition to the definitions, grant of license and the consideration clauses in a standard license agreement, the parties must ensure that the following clauses are also included in the Digital License Agreement:
Representations and Warranties : It is essential to…
The fundamental rule of Copyright law is that facts and ideas are not copyrightable, it is only the creative expression of such ideas and facts that is rewarded by law, by conferring a privilege to exclusively exploit such expression for a limited time. However, not all expression are accorded protection under the Copyright Law. The law affords protection to expressions that are fixed in a medium and are ―original. Section 13 of the Copyright Act provides that ―original, literary, artistic,…
The objective of non–voluntary licensing is two-fold. First, to overcome the difficulty of locating the correct owner of the copyrighted work and getting an individual license from him and second is to avoid the creation of monopoly of copyright owners. The result the state looks at achieving from this provision is ensuring public dissemination and authors' compensation and avoiding market monopoly.
The Copyright (Amendment) Act, 2012 has incorporated a new section into Chapter VI of the Copyright Act, which…
With the development and widespread use of internet and digital networks, we are now witnessing a revolution as to how copyrighted contents are acquired, displayed and disseminated. In the pre-internet days, there were limited options for distribution and exhibition of copyrighted contents. For example, the distribution of cinematographic films was limited to cinema halls and video cassettes. The internet revolution has opened several doors for content owners by creating new modes and formats of exploitation.
Licensing out, creative contents like…
This post briefs three copyright cases that provide insights into copyright issues with respect to content posted on Social Media platforms.
Scrabble v. Scrabulous
In 2008, two Indians Rajat and Jayant Agarwalla, launched a Facebook App called 'Scrabulous.' It was a word game similar to Scrabble. Initially Mattel, and later Hasbrow, right holders of the Scrabble game sued the Agarwalla brothers for both copyright and trade mark infringement at the Delhi High Court.
After reviewing the facts, the Delhi High…
Social Media comes with a bundle of tools that differentiate it from traditional print and electronic media. Among others, two unique elements of Social Media are: Tools for sharing and dissemination of content and information across the world; and tools to communicate and exchange information. These two elements make Social Media a much more powerful weapon than traditional media.
Access to most social media platforms requires internet, of which there is no dearth in today's context. It is estimated that…
There are celebrities, and then there are icons. And one name that probably tops the list of icons is Marilyn Monroe. The blonde actress never ceased to be out of the headlines when she was alive, and even when she is no more, her estate is fighting tooth and nail to keep her memory alive. However, the route taken to do so is not particularly agreeable, to say the least.
Monroe’s estate has been fiercely litigious and has gained notoriety…
“We don’t make movies to make money; we make money to make more movies.” - Walt Disney
Movie Producers or Movie Production houses are often referred to as money making machines, but where there are riches; there are also a multitude of woes. In this post, we speak about some of the legal challenges that movie producers often face. Keeping in mind that it is always easier to list the problems than to find the solutions to them, we have jotted…
Production of a Cinematographic film demands a lot of time and resources. Since, all of the financial resources are invested by the Producer, copyright law has recognized the Producer as the author of the cinematographic film, even though a cinematographic film is an amalgamation of several works that are entitled for independent copyright protection. The fact that a cinematographic film is created by the combination of several independently copyrightable works, makes it all the more important for a Producer to…
This presentation was delivered by Ms. Sharada Kalamadi at GNLU as a part of the entertainment law course offered to LLB and LLM students. The presentation covers:
Subject matter of disputes in the entertainment industry
Fair Dealing/Fair Use
Section 52, Copyright Act, 1957
Concept of Fair Use
Fair use defense
Copyright infringement
"Abstraction-filtration-comparison” test.
Quantitative & Qualitative Test
Extrinsic- Intrinsic Test
Kroff Test
R.G. Anand vs M/S. Delux Films…